Treating Minor Skin Burns

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A pot of boiling water on the stove, an electrical cord with a kink, a can of lye to drain the sink—all are common household items, and all can cause burns in household accidents.

Burns are common, and many minor burns may be successfully treated with nothing more than self-care. Sometimes, though, burns are more severe and require emergency care or hospitalization. In either case, what you do right away may help determine the severity of the injury and how it’s treated down the road.

A Matter of Degree
Distinguishing a minor burn from a more serious one involves determining the degree of damage to the body tissues. The following classifications will help determine your response:
• First-degree — The skin is usually reddened, and there may be swelling and pain. However, the outer layer of skin (epidermis) hasn’t been burned through. Unless such a burn involves substantial portions of the hands, feet, face, groin, buttocks, or a major joint or you’re having difficulty breathing, it may be treated as a minor burn with self-care remedies. Chemical burns may require different care.
• Second-degree — This refers to burns in which both the epidermis and the second layer of skin (dermis) are burned. Blisters may develop, and the skin takes on an intensely reddened appearance and becomes splotchy. Severe pain and swelling are accompanying symptoms.
If a second-degree burn is limited to an area no larger than 2 inches to 3 inches in diameter, it can be treated in the same way as a first-degree burn. However, if it’s larger, if you’re experiencing difficulty breathing, or if the burn is on the hands, feet, face, groin, buttocks, or over a joint, it’s considered a more substantial burn, warranting emergency medical care.
• Third-degree — This refers to burns that involve both the dermis and epidermis and even the tissue under the skin (subcutaneous tissue). Fat nerves, muscles, and even bones may also be affected. There are usually areas that are charred black or appear as dry white. There may be severe pain or, if nerve damage is substantial, no pain at all. Call for emergency medical care immediately.

Treating Minor Burns at Home
To treat minor burns—first-degree burns and smaller second-degree burns—promptly follow these steps:
• With chemical burns, make sure the chemical and any clothing or jewelry in contact with the chemical are removed.
• Cool the burn under running water long enough to reduce pain—usually about 15 to 20 minutes. If this isn’t possible, immerse the burn in cold water or cover it with cold compresses. Don’t put the ice directly on the burn. Doing so can cause frostbite and further damage.
• Once a first-degree burn is completely cooled, apply lotion or moisturizer to soothe the area and prevent dryness. For sunburn, try 1% hydrocortisone cream or an anesthetic cream. Don’t apply butter to burned skin. It holds heat in the tissues and may cause more damage. It also increases risk of infection.
• Cover the burn with a sterile gauze bandage. Wrap loosely to avoid putting too much pressure on the burn. Bandaging keeps air off the burn and reduces pain.
• Take an over-the-counter pain reliever unless your doctor has told you to avoid these medications. These include drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen (eg, Advil, Motrin IB), naproxen (eg, Aleve), and acetaminophen (eg, Tylenol).
• Fluid-filled blisters sometimes form. Don’t break the blisters. However, if the area is tender, snip a tiny hole in the blister with a small scissors that has been sterilized in alcohol. If the blister is broken, wash with antibacterial soap and water, apply an antibiotic ointment, and bandage.

After initial treatment, it’s important to keep the burned area well-moisturized by applying a skin lotion. In addition, protect the area from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, such as that given off by the sun, by covering it with clothing or by using a UV-proof sunscreen for at least one year. If there’s scarring, the area may always need sun protection.

If treated properly, first-degree and smaller second-degree burns heal in most people without leaving a scar. Healing can occur in as quickly as one week, although it may take longer if you’re older or have a weakened immune system. The skin may scale or blister, but the pain will likely be significantly reduced within a few days to one week. It may take one month or more for the burned skin to regain its original color.

If once the burn heals and when the crusts fall off there is a mark or scar, or if your instint tells you that is what you will see, start applying BIOSKINCARE as early as possible and you will most probably achieve scarless healing or the scarring will diminish to nothing in a very short period of time with disciplined application of a little cream twice a day every day on the area.

Treating Minor Skin Burns

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